A topic from AEG's L5R CCG Rules forum, copied for Oracle of the Void from a copy of the forum saved in October 2015, so pages it didn't save are missing. Players' names are left out; the rules officials are named. Rulings are as they stood on these dates; later rulings, the rulebooks and the Rules Archive may differ.
A player, 3 September 2010
Edited: already answered and the answer will be No.
My opponent has played The Last One on a Personality. I take the Last's Personality with Enticement. I play some kill card on him, for example, Power Corrupting.
Is The Last One Personality really destroyed? a) Yes b) No
The Last One Open: Target your Personality: Destroy all of your other Personalities. If this destroyed at least four Personalities, permanently give your targeted Personality +4F, and until the end of the game, negate effects of other player's actions that bow, dishonor, move, or destroy him.
Enticement Open: Pay Gold equal to the total Gold Cost of the targeted Personality's unit: Lose 3 Honor. Take control of a target Personality. While you control him, you may not assign his unit to attack and he will not move to attack. Before this turn ends, give control of him to his owner.
Power Corrupting Kiho • Maho Open: Target your unbowed Shugenja and destroy another of your target Personalities: Create a 7F/4C Shadowlands • Nonhuman • Oni Personality. Lose 3 Honor. Your Shugenja permanently gains Shadowlands.
Alex Jones (rules official), 3 September 2010
Edited: already answered and the answer will be No.
My opponent has played The Last One on a Personality. I take the Last's Personality with Enticement. I play some kill card on him, for example, Power Corrupting.
Is The Last One Personality really destroyed? a) Yes b) No
The Last One Open: Target your Personality: Destroy all of your other Personalities. If this destroyed at least four Personalities, permanently give your targeted Personality +4F, and until the end of the game, negate effects of other player's actions that bow, dishonor, move, or destroy him.
Enticement Open: Pay Gold equal to the total Gold Cost of the targeted Personality's unit: Lose 3 Honor. Take control of a target Personality. While you control him, you may not assign his unit to attack and he will not move to attack. Before this turn ends, give control of him to his owner.
Power Corrupting Kiho • Maho Open: Target your unbowed Shugenja and destroy another of your target Personalities: Create a 7F/4C Shadowlands • Nonhuman • Oni Personality. Lose 3 Honor. Your Shugenja permanently gains Shadowlands.
The answer is yes, as long as the destruction is for a cost.
The Last One prevents other players' effects from killing him (remember that "other players" is interpreted from the point of view of the person who took the action) - but it doesn't stop other players destroying him to pay costs.